APLAR Grand Round Blackboard 2024

Question 1

By inhibiting the binding of IL-4 and IL-13 to their respective receptors, which of the following asthma types can be controlled?
Question 1*
- A. Eosinophilic asthma
- B. Allergic asthma
- C. Neutrophilic asthma
- D. Paucigranulocytic asthma
- E. Eosinophilic asthma and allergic asthma
Answer with a detailed explanation
E. Eosinophilic asthma and allergic asthma

The pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie allergic and eosinophilic inflammation in asthma are interconnected. There is increasing recognition of the complex relationship in asthma between adaptive immunity, including Th2 cells, and innate immunity, including type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Type 2 inflammation, mediated by cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, occurs in approximately 50% of patients with asthma. Type 2-high asthma includes overlapping phenotypes, allergic asthma (characterized by increased expression of specific IgE to aeroallergens), and eosinophilic asthma (characterized by blood and/or airway/tissue eosinophilia).

Reference
1. Wenzel SE. Asthma phenotypes: the evolution from clinical to molecular approaches. Nature medicine. 2012 May;18(5):716-25
2.Corren J, Ambrose CS, Sałapa K, Roseti SL, Griffiths JM, Parnes JR, Colice G. Efficacy of tezepelumab in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma and perennial allergy. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice. 2021 Dec 1;9(12):4334-42.
Your Answer is Incorrect
Your Answer is Incorrect
Your Answer is Incorrect
Your Answer is Incorrect

Question 2

Which cytokine is critical for the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0 cells) to type 2 helper T cells (Th2 cells)?.
Question 2*
- A. IL-4
- B. IL-5
- C. IL-6
- D. IL-31
- E. IL-33
Answer with a detailed explanation
A. The antigen-presenting dendritic cells release IL-4 that induces the resident Th0 cells in lymph nodes to differentiate into Th2 cells.

Reference 1. Noda S, Suárez-Fariñas M, Ungar B, Kim SJ, de Guzman Strong C, Xu H, Peng X, Estrada YD, Nakajima S, Honda T, Shin JU. The Asian atopic dermatitis phenotype combines features of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis with increased Th17 polarization. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2015 Nov 1;136(5):1254-64.
2. Gandhi NA, Bennett BL, Graham NM, Pirozzi G, Stahl N, Yancopoulos GD. Targeting key proximal drivers of type 2 inflammation in disease. Nature reviews Drug discovery. 2016 Jan;15(1):35-50.
3.Gieseck III RL, Wilson MS, Wynn TA. Type 2 immunity in tissue repair and fibrosis. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2018 Jan;18(1):62-76.
Your Answer is Incorrect
Your Answer is Incorrect
Your Answer is Incorrect
Your Answer is Incorrect
Your Answer is Incorrect

Step 1 of 2

Question 1

By inhibiting the binding of IL-4 and IL-13 to their respective receptors, which of the following asthma types can be controlled?

Answer with a detailed explanation

Your Answer is Incorrect

Your Answer is Incorrect

Your Answer is Incorrect

Your Answer is Incorrect

Question 2

Which cytokine is critical for the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0 cells) to type 2 helper T cells (Th2 cells)?.

Answer with a detailed explanation

Your Answer is Incorrect

Your Answer is Incorrect

Your Answer is Incorrect

Your Answer is Incorrect

Your Answer is Incorrect

Social Media

Subscribe

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED © 2023 | APLAR.ORG